Calculated fields in Google Data Studio allow you to create new metrics and dimensions based on existing data. This feature is powerful for customizing your reports and deriving more meaningful insights from your data.

• Calculated Fields: These are custom fields created using mathematical operations, functions, and existing fields in your data source.
• Types of Calculations: You can perform arithmetic operations, string manipulations, date calculations, and more.

• Customization: Tailor metrics and dimensions to meet specific reporting needs.
• Enhanced Analysis: Derive new insights by combining and transforming existing data.
• Efficiency: Automate repetitive calculations and reduce manual data processing.

1. Open Your Report: Navigate to the Google Data Studio report where you want to add a calculated field.
2. Edit Data Source: Click on the data source you are using for your report.
3. Add a Field: In the data source schema, click on the "Add a Field" button.
4. Define the Field:
   • Name: Give your calculated field a meaningful name.
   • Formula: Enter the formula for your calculated field using the available functions and fields.
5. Save: Click "Save" to add the calculated field to your data source.

Suppose you have fields for Revenue and Cost. You can create a calculated field for Profit Margin using the following steps:

1. Name: Profit Margin
2. Formula:

   (Revenue - Cost) / Revenue
   

Let's create a calculated field to determine the Conversion Rate from Clicks and Conversions.

1. Name: Conversion Rate
2. Formula:

   (Conversions / Clicks) * 100
   

• Conversions: The number of successful actions (e.g., purchases, sign-ups).
• Clicks: The number of times users clicked on an ad or link.
• Formula: Divides the number of conversions by the number of clicks and multiplies by 100 to get a percentage.

• Addition (+): Adds two numbers.
• Subtraction (-): Subtracts one number from another.
• Multiplication (*): Multiplies two numbers.
• Division (/): Divides one number by another.

• CONCAT(): Concatenates two or more strings.
• LOWER(): Converts a string to lowercase.
• UPPER(): Converts a string to uppercase.

• TODATE(): Converts a string to a date.
• DATE_DIFF(): Calculates the difference between two dates.

• IF(): Returns a value based on a condition.
• CASE: Evaluates a list of conditions and returns a value.

1. Objective: Create a calculated field to determine the Average Order Value.
2. Fields: Total Revenue, Number of Orders.
3. Formula:

   Total Revenue / Number of Orders
   

1. Objective: Create a calculated field to determine the Year-over-Year Growth.
2. Fields: Current Year Revenue, Previous Year Revenue.
3. Formula:

   ((Current Year Revenue - Previous Year Revenue) / Previous Year Revenue) * 100
   

• Explanation: Divides the total revenue by the number of orders to get the average value per order.

• Explanation: Calculates the percentage growth by comparing the current year's revenue to the previous year's revenue.

• Tip: Ensure that the field names used in the formula match exactly with those in your data source.

• Tip: Use conditional logic to handle cases where the denominator might be zero.

• Tip: Ensure that the data types of the fields used in calculations are compatible (e.g., numeric fields for arithmetic operations).

Using calculated fields in Google Data Studio enhances your ability to customize and derive insights from your data. By understanding the key concepts, common functions, and practical applications, you can create powerful and meaningful metrics for your reports. Practice creating calculated fields with different types of data to become proficient in this essential skill.