In this section, we will define the final project for the Fundamentals of Programming course. The final project is designed to integrate and apply the concepts learned throughout the course. This project will help you demonstrate your understanding of programming fundamentals, problem-solving skills, and ability to create a functional program.
Objectives
The main objectives of the final project are:
- Apply Programming Concepts: Utilize variables, control structures, functions, and data structures in a cohesive program.
- Problem Solving: Develop a solution to a given problem using programming techniques.
- Code Quality: Write clean, well-documented, and efficient code.
- Project Management: Plan, design, implement, and test a software project.
Project Requirements
Your final project should meet the following requirements:
- Functionality: The program should solve a specific problem or perform a particular task.
- Complexity: The project should include at least:
- Variables and data types
- Control structures (conditionals and loops)
- Functions with parameters and return values
- At least one data structure (e.g., list, array, dictionary)
- User Interaction: The program should interact with the user through input and output operations.
- Documentation: Include comments and documentation to explain the code and its functionality.
- Error Handling: Implement basic error handling to manage unexpected inputs or situations.
Project Ideas
Here are some project ideas to get you started. You can choose one of these or come up with your own idea, as long as it meets the project requirements.
- To-Do List Application
- Description: Create a to-do list application where users can add, remove, and view tasks.
- Features:
- Add a new task
- Remove a task
- Mark a task as completed
- View all tasks
- Simple Calculator
- Description: Develop a calculator that can perform basic arithmetic operations.
- Features:
- Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division
- Handle invalid inputs gracefully
- Display results to the user
- Contact Management System
- Description: Build a contact management system where users can store and manage contact information.
- Features:
- Add a new contact
- Remove a contact
- Search for a contact by name
- Display all contacts
- Number Guessing Game
- Description: Create a number guessing game where the user has to guess a randomly generated number within a certain range.
- Features:
- Generate a random number
- Allow the user to make guesses
- Provide feedback on whether the guess is too high, too low, or correct
- Track the number of attempts
Example Project: Number Guessing Game
Project Description
In this example, we will create a number guessing game. The program will generate a random number between 1 and 100, and the user will have to guess the number. The program will provide feedback on whether the guess is too high, too low, or correct. The game will continue until the user guesses the correct number.
Step-by-Step Implementation
1. Import Required Libraries
Explanation: We import the random library to generate random numbers.
2. Generate a Random Number
Explanation: This function generates a random number between 1 and 100 using the randint function from the random library.
3. Get User Input
Explanation: This function prompts the user to enter their guess and converts the input to an integer.
4. Provide Feedback
def provide_feedback(guess, target):
if guess < target:
print("Too low!")
elif guess > target:
print("Too high!")
else:
print("Correct!")Explanation: This function compares the user's guess with the target number and provides feedback.
5. Main Game Loop
def play_game():
target_number = generate_random_number()
guess = None
attempts = 0
while guess != target_number:
guess = get_user_guess()
provide_feedback(guess, target_number)
attempts += 1
print(f"Congratulations! You guessed the number in {attempts} attempts.")Explanation: This function contains the main game loop. It generates a random number, gets the user's guesses, provides feedback, and tracks the number of attempts. The loop continues until the user guesses the correct number.
6. Run the Game
Explanation: This code checks if the script is being run directly and, if so, calls the play_game function to start the game.
Complete Code
import random
def generate_random_number():
return random.randint(1, 100)
def get_user_guess():
return int(input("Enter your guess (1-100): "))
def provide_feedback(guess, target):
if guess < target:
print("Too low!")
elif guess > target:
print("Too high!")
else:
print("Correct!")
def play_game():
target_number = generate_random_number()
guess = None
attempts = 0
while guess != target_number:
guess = get_user_guess()
provide_feedback(guess, target_number)
attempts += 1
print(f"Congratulations! You guessed the number in {attempts} attempts.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
play_game()Conclusion
In this section, we defined the final project for the Fundamentals of Programming course. We outlined the objectives, requirements, and provided some project ideas. Additionally, we walked through an example project, the Number Guessing Game, with a step-by-step implementation. This project will help you consolidate your programming knowledge and demonstrate your ability to create a functional program. In the next section, we will discuss planning and design to help you structure your project effectively.